Proporcionalidade e Justificação
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53798/suprema.2024.v4.n2.a425Palavras-chave:
Direito à justificação, proporcionalidade, argumentação jurídica, espaço de razões, constitucionalismo discursivo globalResumo
Em contraste com os relatos descritivos e analíticos, eu defendo neste artigo o uso do teste de proporcionalidade no raciocínio de direitos como normativamente justificado, seguindo na linha do direito moral à justificação de Rainer Forst. Estabeleço aqui uma nova teoria da dimensão diacrônica da análise da proporcionalidade, que está incorporada no que eu chamo de modelo de proporcionalidade como integridade. Meu argumento explica em detalhes o que significa um direito à justificação e explora como ele se relaciona com o teste de proporcionalidade. Isso inclui uma análise de como a pretensão de correção do direito está relacionada às noções de justificação e argumentação. Demonstro como a justificação, enquanto análise de proporcionalidade, integra a forma e a substância da argumentação sobre direitos, portanto institucionalizando um espaço de razões. Também defendo a validade global do direito à justificação contra alegações de relatividade cultural e enfatizo a natureza discursiva do controle de constitucionalidade. Isso me leva a apoiar um meio-termo entre o liberalismo e o comunitarianismo. Logo, não está aberto ao livre arbítrio o emprego ou não da análise de proporcionalidade. Pelo contrário, devemos usá-la porque existe um direito à proporcionalidade. Isso, por sua vez, estabelece o direito à justificação como um fundamento robusto para o constitucionalismo discursivo global.
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